Petroleum refining catalysts are essential components in the refining process, helping to optimize the conversion of crude oil into valuable products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and various petrochemicals. These catalysts play a crucial role in enhancing reaction rates, improving product quality, and minimizing environmental impact. Petroleum refining catalysts are a diverse group, tailored for specific refining processes, and they play a critical role in ensuring the efficient and environmentally responsible production of a wide range of refined products. Ongoing research and development aim to enhance the performance and sustainability of these catalysts in the ever-evolving landscape of petroleum refining.